In order to solve the disadvantages of the traditional methods for measuring seed vigor,such as long measuring time,massive consumption of seed,low measuring accuracy,low sensitivity and so on,a rapid optical measurement system for seed vigor is proposed,which takes 89C55 single-chip microcomputer as control center.By measuring the chemiluminescence(CL) intensity of seed to evaluate seed vigor.The CL is tested by using single Photon counting module(SPCM) with high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio based on ultra-weak luminescence detection technique.The system is driven by step motor.The results show that the system can work stably,and has lots of values such as low cost,high precision and convenience.