In view of the polarization maintaining problem in quantum communication using satellite s,the impacts of atmospheric scattering,atmospheric turbulence and the relative motion between satellite and ground station on the photon polarization states in satellite quantum communica tion are researched.Put forward a new compensation scheme,which stores the channel′s polarization effect in th e synchronization correction quantum bit,and then uses the compensation algorithm to modify the data bits.A fter transition,the data quantum bits will be its original form.The quantum bit error rate (Q BER) of the system is simulated,and the system′s QBER can be reduced to 0.7%.The results show that the compensation scheme is valid,and it will achieve the safe and effective satelli te quantum communication.And the scheme has the advantage that it needn′t to ad d any additional devices to the system.