A method for identifying different Moutai liquor is proposed with optical low coherence inter ference.Broadband low coherence LD light source and Michelson interferometer are used in the experimen t.The sample liquor is put into the optical path of measuring arm,and optical path length of the measuring arm can be change.When the optical path length of two beams from the measuri ng arm and the reference arm is close to equal,the interference fringes will be generated.A photo-dete ctor (PD) is used to detect the interference signal,and the change of optical path length with the s ample liquor can be determined,and then the refractive index of the sample liquor can be calcula ted.Under experimental conditions,the samples are the same as 53%vol Sauce-Aroma-Type li quor in Moutai town, the refractive indices of Guizhou.Kweichow Moutai,Moutai Yingbin liquor,Moutai town liquor 1,Moutai tow n liquor 2,Moutai town liquor 3and Moutai town liquor 4, are 1.3565,1.3553,1.3562,1.3553,1.3545and 1.3543respectively.The experimental results show that this m ethod can be used to easily identify the traditional "Moutai liquor" and other w ineries in Moutai Town production of liquor,and to distinguish the quality of liquor produced by the same manufacturer.