For the study of static pressure pile mechanical characteristics in th e process of penetration and the residual stress distribution characteristics of late,by grooving method in the model pile installation of fiber Bragg grating (fiber Bragg grating,FBG) sensor,and installed on the pile end of micro silico n piezoresistive type soil pressure sensors,have pile end and pile side frictio n resistance changing with the depth of penetration,through the test has been c lear about the homogeneous characteristic of static pressure pile penetration in clayey soil.The experimental results show that the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology can better meet the test requirements of static pressure pile sinkin g characteristics in viscous soil,and the distribution and change rule of pile driving resistance can be measured successfully.When sinking a pile in homogene ous clay,the proportion of lateral resistance and tip resistance is variable.I n the early stage of pile sinking,the proportion of lateral resistance is small ,while in the middle and late stage of pile sinking,the proportion of lateral friction is increasing,but the proportion of pile tip resistance is still highe r than that of lateral resistance.There exists degradation phenomenon of pile l ateral friction,and the degradation degree and degradation rate decrease with t he increase of penetration depth.The residual stress of pile construction first increases and then decreases with the increase of depth,and its neutral point is about 9D away from the pile top,while the residual friction resistance of pi le side increases first and then decreases with the increase of depth,and gradu ally changes from negative friction resistance to positive friction resistance. The results can be used for reference in the engineering practice of static pres sure pile on clay foundation.