Aiming at the fact that most passive metasurfaces can only possess stealth capabilities in specific frequency band and are unable to achieve frequency selective scattering, a 1-bit optimal coding metasurface (OCM) based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) is designed by array theory and genetic algorithm in this paper. When VO2 is in the insulating phase, the OCM can realize more than 10 dB radar cross section (RCS) reduction in 8.70-13.10 GHz and 14.95-19.10 GHz, and the corresponding relative bandwidths (RBs) are 40.37% and 24.38%, respectively. The OCM exhibits mirror reflection characteristics in 13.11-14.94 GHz; When VO2 is in the metallic phase, RCS reduction with greater than 10 dB is obtained in 10.30-12.80 GHz (RB=21.65%) and 14.85-16.51 GHz (RB=10.59%), while mirror reflection is achieved in 12.81-14.84 GHz. The above results indicate that regardless of whether VO2 is in the insulating or metallic phase, the OCM can obtain more than 10 dB RCS reduction in two sidebands while exhibiting specular reflection characteristics in the central band. The bandwidth of dual-band RCS reduction can be dynamically tuned by changing the conductivity of VO2. The proposed OCM has potential application value in complex electromagnetic wave manipulation fields such as stealth technology and antenna design.